About Anti-gp120/gp160 (HIV-1/Pan) Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is synthesized as a precursor gp160, which is proteolytically cleaved into the surface glycoprotein gp120 and the transmembrane glycoprotein gp41. The gp120 subunit mediates viral attachment to the CD4 receptor and the co-receptors CCR5 or CXCR4, while gp41 drives membrane fusion and viral entry into host cells. Because Env is the only viral protein exposed on the virion surface and is highly immunogenic, gp120/gp160 remains the principal target of neutralizing antibodies, vaccine development, and studies of HIV entry and immune responses.

eEnzyme's Anti-gp120/gp160 (HIV-1/Pan) Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody is generated using an in vivo genetic immunization strategy to produce high-affinity antibodies that recognize the native conformation of HIV-1 envelope proteins. Unlike antibodies raised against bacterially expressed or denatured recombinant proteins, this approach promotes immune responses against correctly folded and naturally glycosylated Env antigens, resulting in improved recognition of native gp120/gp160. The antibody exhibits broad reactivity with multiple HIV-1 clades (Pan HIV-1) and is suitable for Western blotting, ELISA, immunofluorescence (IF), immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunoprecipitation (IP), and other immunological assays. It provides a valuable reagent for HIV research, recombinant protein characterization, vaccine development, and diagnostic assay development.

Applications

Biological Significance of HIV-1 gp120/gp160

The HIV-1 Env glycoprotein is indispensable for viral attachment, receptor recognition, and membrane fusion. During viral maturation, gp160 is cleaved into gp120 and gp41, forming functional envelope trimers on the viral surface. Binding of gp120 to CD4 induces conformational changes that expose the co-receptor binding site, allowing interaction with CCR5 or CXCR4 and triggering gp41-mediated membrane fusion. Because gp120/gp160 contains numerous conserved and variable antigenic epitopes, it is the primary target of broadly neutralizing antibodies and remains central to HIV vaccine design and therapeutic antibody development. Broadly reactive anti-gp120/gp160 antibodies are therefore valuable tools for detecting HIV envelope proteins across multiple viral isolates, investigating Env structure and function, monitoring recombinant protein expression, and supporting HIV immunology and antiviral research.