Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) is an enveloped retrovirus belonging to the genus Lentivirus in the family Retroviridae. The viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) is synthesized as a gp160 precursor that is proteolytically cleaved into the surface subunit gp120 and the transmembrane subunit gp41, which assemble into trimeric spikes on the viral surface. Env mediates viral attachment to the CD4 receptor and chemokine co-receptors (CCR5 or CXCR4), initiating membrane fusion and viral entry into host cells.

The BG505 isolate (subtype A) is one of the best-characterized HIV-1 Env strains and has become the gold standard for structural biology, broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) research, and HIV vaccine development. eEnzyme's recombinant HIV-1 BG505 gp140 protein is expressed in mammalian cells to preserve native folding and glycosylation and is suitable for antibody screening, receptor-binding studies, ELISA development, epitope mapping, structural characterization, and vaccine antigen research.